thethaiger.com Thethaiger.com

   
Thailand News and Information Source | Thaiger

Domain Summary

What is the traffic rank for Thethaiger.com?

• Thethaiger.com ranks #143,295 globally on HypeStat.

What percent of global Internet users visit Thethaiger.com?

0.0046313% of global Internet users visit Thethaiger.com

How many people visit Thethaiger.com each day?

• Thethaiger.com receives approximately 228.3K visitors and 459,085 page impressions per day.

Which countries does Thethaiger.com receive most of its visitors from?

• Thethaiger.com is mostly visited by people located in Thailand,United States,Cambodia.

How much Thethaiger.com can earn?

• Thethaiger.com should earn about $506.86/day from advertising revenue.

What is Thethaiger.com estimated value?

• Estimated value of Thethaiger.com is $521,481.16.

What IP addresses does Thethaiger.com resolve to?

• Thethaiger.com resolves to the IP addresses 2606:4700:10::6816:3868, 172.67.30.129.

Where are Thethaiger.com servers located in?

• Thethaiger.com has servers located in United States.

thethaiger.com Profile

Title:Thailand News and Information Source | Thaiger
Description:Your home for Thailand news and top stories, with daily video and latest updates for business, lifestyle, property, travel info and more!
Category:News and Media / News and Media
About: Your one-stop-shop for Thailand & Phuket News, with articles and updates on local events, business, lifestyle, dining, property, travel info and more! Edit Site Info

What technologies does thethaiger.com use?

These are the technologies used at thethaiger.com. thethaiger.com has a total of 23 technologies installed in 17 different categories.

thethaiger.com Traffic Analysis

Thethaiger.com is ranked #143,295 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 228.3K visitors daily, generating a total of 459.1K pageviews. This equates to about 6.9M monthly visitors. Thethaiger.com traffic has increased by 14.96% compared to last month.
Daily Visitors228.3K
25.28%
Monthly Visits6.9M
14.96%
Pages per Visit2.01
0.94%
Visit duration03:01
3.8%
Bounce Rate61.86%
9.05%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
Daily Unique Visitors:
228,320
Monthly Visits:
6,918,096
Pages per Visit:
2.01
Daily Pageviews:
459,085
Avg. visit duration:
03:01
Bounce rate:
61.86%
Global Reach:
0.0046313%
Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
7,641,670
Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
2,872,776
Monthly Visits (SimilarWeb):
6,715,284
HypeRank:
143,295
SEMrush Rank:
93,708
SimilarWeb Rank:
14,086
*All traffic values are estimates only.

Traffic sources

Direct:
73.18%
Referral:
0.87%
Search:
20.47%
Social:
5.31%
Paid:
0.16%

Desktop vs Mobile

Desktop:
7.89%
Mobile:
92.11%

Total Visits Last 3 Months

6.2M
JUN
6M
JUL
6.9M
AUG

Visitors by country

Country
Users%
 
Thailand 74.26%
 
United States 4.80%
 
Cambodia 2.93%
 
United Kingdom 2.37%
 
Singapore 1.97%

Where do visitors go on thethaiger.com?

 
Reach%Pageviews%PerUser
thethaiger.com
100.00%100.00%3.4

Which sites are competitors to thethaiger.com?

Websites similar to thethaiger.com are sites similar on user interests and browsing behavior. Users can discover new websites that are similar to the ones they already enjoy or find useful.
Last update was 164 days ago
     
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...

*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with thethaiger.com in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.

Search Engine Indexes

Search engine indexes are huge databases or collections of net pages that search engines like google like google and yahoo use to retrieve applicable facts while customers carry out searches. These indexes are created through search engines like google and yahoo through crawling and indexing net pages from throughout the internet.
Google Index:
259,000
Bing Index:
3,640
Baidu Index:
373

 

SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.
SemRushSemRush
Domain:
  thethaiger.com
Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic)
  93,708
Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP)
  30,709
Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results)
  22,702
Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords)
  $971.00

Revenue report

Google.com would generate approximately $506.9 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $15.2K and annual gross revenue of approximately $185K. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $521.5K.

How much would thethaiger.com make?

Daily Revenue:
$506.86
Monthly Revenue:
$15,205.80
Yearly Revenue:
$185,003.90
*All earnings values are estimates only.

Daily earning by country

 
CountryPageviewsEarning
 
United States 22,013$106.33
 
Thailand 340,910$71.59
 
United Kingdom 10,858$29.10
 
Cambodia 13,466$26.66
 
Singapore 9,050$17.01

Loss of money due to Adblock?

Daily Revenue Loss:
$35.16
Monthly Revenue Loss:
$1,054.71
Yearly Revenue Loss:
$12,832.31
Daily Pageviews Blocked:
29,856
Monthly Pageviews Blocked:
895,683
Yearly Pageviews Blocked:
10,897,482

Daily revenue loss by country

 
CountryBlockedLost Money
 
United States 3,962$19.14
 
Singapore 2,624$4.93
 
United Kingdom 1,737$4.66
 
Thailand 20,455$4.30
 
Cambodia 1,077$2.13

How much is thethaiger.com worth?

Website Value:
$521.5K

Ad Experience Report

Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.

Mobile summary

Root domain:
thethaiger.com
Last Change Time:
(The last time that the site changed status.)
2019-02-13 04:07:30
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Passing

Desktop summary

Root domain:
thethaiger.com
Last Change Time:
(The last time that the site changed status.)
2019-02-13 04:07:16
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Passing

Abusive Experience Report

Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.
Root domain:
thethaiger.com
Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.)
Passing

Where is thethaiger.com hosted?

Thethaiger.com may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.
Server IP:
2606:4700:10::6816:3868, 172.67.30.129
ASN:
AS13335 
ISP:
Cloudflare Inc 
Server Location:

United States, US
 

Other sites hosted on 172.67.30.129

There are no other sites hosted on this IP

How fast does thethaiger.com load?

The average loading time of thethaiger.com is 706 ms. The Desktop speed index is 98 and mobile speed index is 84.
Average Load Time:
706 ms

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop

98
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)60ms 9% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 9% 33% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 33% 56% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 56%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.4s 62% of loads for this page have a fast (<1s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 62% 30% of loads for this page have an average (1s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 30% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 6%
First Input Delay (FID)7ms 97% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 97% 1% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 1% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.2s 79% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 79% 10% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 10% 9% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 9%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)57ms 15% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 15% 34% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 34% 49% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 49%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.5s 59% of loads for this page have a fast (<1s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 59% 32% of loads for this page have an average (1s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 32% 7% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 7%
First Input Delay (FID)5ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 96% 2% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 2% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 1%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.0s 82% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 82% 10% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 10% 7% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 7%

Lab Data

Estimated Input Latency 10 ms
Estimated Input Latency is an estimate of how long your app takes to respond to user input, in milliseconds, during the busiest 5s window of page load. If your latency is higher than 50 ms, users may perceive your app as laggy. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 0.6 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
First CPU Idle 0.8 s
First CPU Idle marks the first time at which the page's main thread is quiet enough to handle input. . Learn more
Minimize third-party usage  
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Speed Index 0.7 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 70 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Avoid non-composited animations  
Animations which are not composited can be janky and increase CLS. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 0.5 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 0.7 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn More
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 90 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Time to Interactive 0.9 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile

84
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)78ms 9% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 37% 21% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 21% 41% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 41%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.6s 62% of loads for this page have a fast (<1s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 47% 46% of loads for this page have an average (1s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 46% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 6%
First Input Delay (FID)66ms 88% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 88% 9% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 9% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 1%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.5s 79% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 74% 16% of loads for this page have an average (2500s ~ 4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 16% 9% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 9%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)22ms 49% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 49% 29% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 29% 20% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 20%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)2.0s 39% of loads for this page have a fast (<1s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 39% 48% of loads for this page have an average (1s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 48% 11% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 11%
First Input Delay (FID)47ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 87% 8% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 8% 3% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 3%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.8s 70% of loads for this page have a fast (<2.5s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 70% 17% of loads for this page have an average (2.5s ~ 4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 17% 12% of loads for this page have a slow (>4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 12%

Lab Data

Minimize third-party usage  
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 2.1 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Time to Interactive 3.0 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Speed Index 2.5 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Estimated Input Latency 80 ms
Estimated Input Latency is an estimate of how long your app takes to respond to user input, in milliseconds, during the busiest 5s window of page load. If your latency is higher than 50 ms, users may perceive your app as laggy. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 2.4 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn More
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Avoid non-composited animations  
Animations which are not composited can be janky and increase CLS. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 1.9 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First CPU Idle 2.7 s
First CPU Idle marks the first time at which the page's main thread is quiet enough to handle input. . Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 360 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
First Contentful Paint (3G) 3731 ms
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 600 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more

Does thethaiger.com use compression?

Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on thethaiger.com are reduced by 81%.
thethaiger.com use br compression.
Original size: 415.08 KB
Compressed size: 77.7 KB
File reduced by: 337.38 KB (81%)

Google Safe Browsing

Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious

MyWot.com Reputation Ratings

MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites. thethaiger.com has 80 Safety Reputations.
Status:
  SAFE
Safety Reputations:
  80
Safety Confidence:
  51

SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify

An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. thethaiger.com supports HTTPS.
 thethaiger.com supports HTTPS
     
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: thethaiger.com
Organization:
Location:
Issuer: WE1
Valid from: Aug 12 19:52:43 2024 GMT
Valid until: Nov 10 19:52:42 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize:
Common Name: WE1
Organization: Google Trust Services
Location: US
Issuer: GTS Root R4
Valid from: Dec 13 09:00:00 2023 GMT
Valid until: Feb 20 14:00:00 2029 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:
Common Name: GTS Root R4
Organization: Google Trust Services LLC
Location: US
Issuer: GlobalSign Root CA
Valid from: Nov 15 03:43:21 2023 GMT
Valid until: Jan 28 00:00:42 2028 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:

Verify HTTP/2 Support

HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency.
 thethaiger.com supports HTTP/2
     
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...

Http Header

HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server.
date: Mon, 07 Oct 2024 08:03:05 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
link: <https://thethaiger.com/wp-json/>; rel="https://api.w.org/"
link: <https://thethaiger.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/391040>; rel="alternate"; title="JSON"; type="application/json"
vary: Accept-Encoding
x-turbo-charged-by: LiteSpeed
x-litespeed-cache: hit
x-upstream: EN
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
strict-transport-security: max-age=0; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
server: cloudflare
cf-ray: 8cec5f644d50020b-ORD
content-encoding: br

DNS Lookup

DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.
Type Ip Target/Txt TTL
AAAA 2606:4700:10::6816:3968 263
AAAA 2606:4700:10::ac43:1e81 263
AAAA 2606:4700:10::6816:3868 263
A 104.22.57.104 263
A 172.67.30.129 263
A 104.22.56.104 263
NS frank.ns.cloudflare.com 48280
NS dawn.ns.cloudflare.com 48280

Whois Lookup

Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on October 2, 2016 and will expire on October 2, 2025 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar GoDaddy.com, LLC. The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on October 7, 2024.
Domain Created:
2016-10-02
Domain Expires:
2025-10-02
Domain Updated:
2024-10-07
Domain Age:
8 years 5 months 18 days
Domain Registrar:
GoDaddy.com, LLC
Domain Owner:
Domains By Proxy, LLC
WhoIs:
 

   Domain Name: THETHAIGER.COM
   Registry Domain ID: 2063155005_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
   Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.godaddy.com
   Registrar URL: http://www.godaddy.com
   Updated Date: 2024-10-07T03:06:59Z
   Creation Date: 2016-10-02T06:39:38Z
   Registry Expiry Date: 2025-10-02T06:39:38Z
   Registrar: GoDaddy.com, LLC
   Registrar IANA ID: 146
   Registrar Abuse Contact Email: email
   Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: 480-624-2505
   Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
   Domain Status: clientRenewProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientRenewProhibited
   Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
   Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited
   Name Server: DAWN.NS.CLOUDFLARE.COM
   Name Server: FRANK.NS.CLOUDFLARE.COM
   DNSSEC: unsigned
   URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2024-10-07T08:04:41Z