Apk.support
APK Downloads for Android | Latest & Older Versions | Safe and Secure
Domain Summary
What is the traffic rank for Apk.support?
• Apk.support ranks #242,398 globally on HypeStat.
What percent of global Internet users visit Apk.support?
• 0.0021114% of global Internet users visit Apk.support
How many people visit Apk.support each day?
• Apk.support receives approximately 104.1K visitors and 183,687 page impressions per day.
Which countries does Apk.support receive most of its visitors from?
• Apk.support is mostly visited by people located in Iran,India,Pakistan.
How much Apk.support can earn?
• Apk.support should earn about $315.63/day from advertising revenue.
What is Apk.support estimated value?
• Estimated value of Apk.support is $308,713.84.
What IP addresses does Apk.support resolve to?
• Apk.support resolves to the IP addresses 2606:4700:20::681a:217, 104.26.2.23.
Where are Apk.support servers located in?
• Apk.support has servers located in United States.
apk.support Profile

Title:APK Downloads for Android | Latest & Older Versions | Safe and Secure
Description:Download APK files safely and securely. Wide range of popular and latest apps, regular updates, and fast download features for a seamless Android app experience.
Tags:
About:
Download APK and OBB data for your Android phone, tablet, watch, TV, and car. Download files directly from Google Play, Safe, and Free.
Edit Site Info
What technologies does apk.support use?
These are the technologies used at apk.support. apk.support has a total of 5 technologies installed in 5 different categories.apk.support Traffic Analysis
Apk.support is ranked #242,398 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 104.1K visitors daily, generating a total of 183.7K pageviews. This equates to about 3.2M monthly visitors.Daily Visitors104.1K
Monthly Visits3.2M
Pages per Visit1.80
Visit duration04:53
Bounce Rate54.23%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
- Daily Unique Visitors:
- 104,089
- Monthly Visits:
- 3,153,897
- Pages per Visit:
- 1.80
- Daily Pageviews:
- 183,687
- Avg. visit duration:
- 04:53
- Bounce rate:
- 54.23%
- Global Reach:
- 0.0021114%
- Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
- 113,440
- Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
- 100,039
- Monthly Visits (SimilarWeb):
- 3,061,454
- HypeRank:
- 242,398
- SEMrush Rank:
- 165,229
Traffic sources
- Direct:
- 55.83%
- Referral:
- 3.38%
- Search:
- 40.30%
- Social:
- 0.48%
- Paid:
- 0%
Desktop vs Mobile
- Desktop:
- 34.29%
- Mobile:
- 65.71%
Visitors by country
- Country
- Users%
- Iran 20.1%
- India 10.0%
- Pakistan 7.6%
- Russian Federation 4.5%
- Turkey 3.6%
Where do visitors go on apk.support?
- Reach%Pageviews%PerUser
- apk.support
- 100.00%100.00%1.6
Backlinks Report ▼
Apk.support has a total of 871,769 backlinks from 3,297 referring domains and most of them comes from United States.- Total Backlinks:
- 871,769
- Follow Links:
- n/a
- Nofollow Links:
- n/a
- Referring Domains:
- 3,297
- Referring IPs:
- 3,117
- Authority Domain Score:
- 48
Backlinks by country
- Country
- Domains
- United States 1,875
- Germany 250
- Singapore 227
- France 90
- Viet Nam 79
Backlinks by TLDs
- TLD Distribution
- Domains
- .com
- 1,837
- .app
- 172
- .net
- 131
- .edu
- 4
- .gov
- 0
Last update was 703 days ago
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...
*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with apk.support in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.
Search Engine Indexes ▼
Search engine indexes are huge databases or collections of net pages that search engines like google like google and yahoo use to retrieve applicable facts while customers carry out searches. These indexes are created through search engines like google and yahoo through crawling and indexing net pages from throughout the internet.- Google Index:
- 5,060,000
Moz Data ▼
Domain Authority (DA) is a metric developed by Moz. DA is a score that predicts the ranking potential of a website on search engine result pages (SERPs). Moz calculates Domain Authority on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 100, with higher scores indicating a greater likelihood of ranking well in search results. Moz Domain Authority of apk.support is 43.- Domain Authority:
- 43
- Page Authority:
- 46
- MozRank:
- 5
▼
SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.- Domain:
- apk.support
- Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic) - 165,229
- Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP) - 55,835
- Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results) - 10,725
- Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords) - $8,030.00
Revenue report ▼
Google.com would generate approximately $315.6 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $9.5K and annual gross revenue of approximately $115.2K. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $308.7K.How much would apk.support make?
- Daily Revenue:
- $315.63
- Monthly Revenue:
- $9,468.90
- Yearly Revenue:
- $115,204.95
Daily earning by country
- CountryPageviewsEarning
- India 20,206$7.68
- Viet Nam 7,347$3.45
- Morocco 3,674$2.20
- Turkey 5,511$1.05
- Bangladesh 1,837$0.31
Loss of money due to Adblock?
- Daily Revenue Loss:
- $4.78
- Monthly Revenue Loss:
- $143.46
- Yearly Revenue Loss:
- $1,745.40
- Daily Pageviews Blocked:
- 19,526
- Monthly Pageviews Blocked:
- 585,778
- Yearly Pageviews Blocked:
- 7,126,964
Daily revenue loss by country
- CountryBlockedLost Money
- India 5,658$2.15
- Viet Nam 294$0.14
- Turkey 386$0.07
- Morocco 73$0.04
- Bangladesh 37$0.01
How much is apk.support worth?
- Website Value:
- $308.7K
Ad Experience Report ▼
Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.Mobile summary
- Root domain:
- apk.support
- Last Change Time:
(The last time that the site changed status.) - 2023-03-30 15:52:22
- Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.) - Passing
Desktop summary
- Root domain:
- apk.support
- Last Change Time:
(The last time that the site changed status.) - 2023-03-30 15:52:22
- Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.) - Passing
Abusive Experience Report ▼
Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.- Root domain:
- apk.support
- Last Change Time:
(The last time that the site changed status.) - 2023-03-30 15:52:22
- Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.) - Passing
Where is apk.support hosted? ▼
Apk.support may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.- Server IP:
- 2606:4700:20::681a:217, 104.26.2.23
- ASN:
- AS13335
- ISP:
- Cloudflare Inc
- Server Location:
United States, US
Other sites hosted on 104.26.2.23
How fast does apk.support load? ▼
The average loading time of apk.support is 5134 ms. The Desktop speed index is 100 and mobile speed index is 100.- Average Load Time:
- 5134 ms
Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop
Field Data
Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)2ms
Time To First Byte (TTFB)803ms
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.1s
First Input Delay (FID)3ms
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.1s
Origin Data
All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)5ms
Time To First Byte (TTFB)952ms
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.4s
First Input Delay (FID)3ms
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.9s
Lab Data
Speed Index 0.4 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more about the Speed Index metric
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more about the Speed Index metric
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more about using the viewport meta tag
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more about using the viewport meta tag
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more about optimal lazy loading
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more about optimal lazy loading
First Meaningful Paint 0.3 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more about the First Meaningful Paint metric
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more about the First Meaningful Paint metric
First Contentful Paint 0.3 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more about the First Contentful Paint metric
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more about the First Contentful Paint metric
Largest Contentful Paint 0.5 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more about the Largest Contentful Paint metric
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more about the Largest Contentful Paint metric
Performance budget
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more about performance budgets
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more about performance budgets
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more about the Total Blocking Time metric
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more about the Total Blocking Time metric
Preconnect to required origins
Consider adding `preconnect` or `dns-prefetch` resource hints to establish early connections to important third-party origins. Learn how to preconnect to required origins
Consider adding `preconnect` or `dns-prefetch` resource hints to establish early connections to important third-party origins. Learn how to preconnect to required origins
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn how to defer third-parties with a facade
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn how to defer third-parties with a facade
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
If the LCP element is dynamically added to the page, you should preload the image in order to improve LCP. Learn more about preloading LCP elements
If the LCP element is dynamically added to the page, you should preload the image in order to improve LCP. Learn more about preloading LCP elements
Timing budget
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more about performance budgets
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more about performance budgets
Max Potential First Input Delay 50 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric
Time to Interactive 0.3 s
Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric
Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric
Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile
Field Data
Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a FAST speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.3s
First Input Delay (FID)38ms
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.3s
Origin Data
All pages served from this origin have an SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)33ms
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.6s
First Input Delay (FID)29ms
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.9s
Lab Data
Max Potential First Input Delay 140 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Speed Index 1.1 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more
Time to Interactive 1.2 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 1.9 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Performance budget
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
First Contentful Paint (3G) 1960 ms
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
Timing budget
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 60 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 1.1 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
First Contentful Paint 1.1 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Does apk.support use compression? ▼
Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on apk.support are reduced by 87%.
apk.support use br compression.
Original size: 162.19 KB
Compressed size: 20.72 KB
File reduced by: 141.47 KB (87%)
Compressed size: 20.72 KB
File reduced by: 141.47 KB (87%)
Google Safe Browsing ▼
Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious
MyWot.com Reputation Ratings
MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites. apk.support has 62 Safety Reputations.- Status:
- SAFE
- Safety Reputations:
- 62
- Safety Confidence:
- 3
SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify ▼
An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. apk.support supports HTTPS. apk.support supports HTTPS
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: apk.support
Organization: "Cloudflare, Inc."
Location: San Francisco, California, US
Issuer: Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3
Valid from: Feb 22 00:00:00 2023 GMT
Valid until: Feb 22 23:59:59 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize:
Organization: "Cloudflare, Inc."
Location: San Francisco, California, US
Issuer: Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3
Valid from: Feb 22 00:00:00 2023 GMT
Valid until: Feb 22 23:59:59 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize:
Common Name: Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3
Organization: "Cloudflare, Inc."
Location: US
Issuer: Baltimore CyberTrust Root
Valid from: Jan 27 12:48:08 2020 GMT
Valid until: Dec 31 23:59:59 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:
Organization: "Cloudflare, Inc."
Location: US
Issuer: Baltimore CyberTrust Root
Valid from: Jan 27 12:48:08 2020 GMT
Valid until: Dec 31 23:59:59 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:
Verify HTTP/2 Support ▼
HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency. apk.support supports HTTP/2
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...
Http Header ▼
HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server.date: Sat, 01 Apr 2023 15:16:07 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
vary: Accept-Encoding
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https://a.nel.cloudflare.com/report/v3?s=dPLucu5B%2Bvu5JkXjbZ9B7RTHPh9yPgh3e0TLrGNAk4Lla3WCZNO87i6jxJ94qQEBaLgllAcm3Xcrt%2BtU2Zw0Kpyi2j8cWkU8Dwc1mcyN5DCaowddG%2FdP%2FucmPm28"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
strict-transport-security: max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains
x-content-type-options: nosniff
server: cloudflare
cf-ray: 7b11ca97eea3e118-ORD
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
DNS Lookup ▼
DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.Type | Ip | Target/Txt | TTL |
HINFO | 3600 | ||
AAAA | 2606:4700:20::681a:317 | 206 | |
AAAA | 2606:4700:20::ac43:48cf | 206 | |
AAAA | 2606:4700:20::681a:217 | 206 | |
A | 104.26.2.23 | 206 | |
A | 104.26.3.23 | 206 | |
A | 172.67.72.207 | 206 | |
NS | 3506 | ||
NS | 3506 |
Whois Lookup ▼
Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on July 28, 2018 and will expire on July 28, 2023 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar Cloudflare, Inc. The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on March 22, 2023.- Domain Created:
- 2018-07-28
- Domain Expires:
- 2023-07-28
- Domain Updated:
- 2023-03-22
- Domain Age:
- 6 years 7 months 7 days
- Domain Registrar:
- Cloudflare, Inc
- Domain Owner:
- NA
- WhoIs:
Domain Name: apk.support Registry Domain ID: c3abeaa7191849e8a43ba2a4f1d5aab8-DONUTS Registrar WHOIS Server: http://whois.cloudflare.com Registrar URL: http://cloudflare.com Updated Date: 2023-03-22T15:24:33Z Creation Date: 2018-07-28T10:02:39Z Registry Expiry Date: 2023-07-28T10:02:39Z Registrar: Cloudflare, Inc Registrar IANA ID: 1910 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Registry Registrant ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Organization: NA Registrant Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant State/Province: Required for US/Canada Registrant Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Country: VN Registrant Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Registrant Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name. Registry Admin ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Admin Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name. Registry Tech ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY Tech Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name. Name Server: seth.ns.cloudflare.com Name Server: sue.ns.cloudflare.com DNSSEC: signedDelegation URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/ >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2023-04-01T15:17:33Z