jpi.or.kr Jpi.or.kr

   
가비아 호스팅 서비스:웹호스팅,웹메일호스팅,쇼핑몰호스팅,단독서버,동영상호스팅

Domain Summary

What is the traffic rank for Jpi.or.kr?

• Jpi.or.kr ranks #3,368,689 globally on HypeStat.

What percent of global Internet users visit Jpi.or.kr?

• 2.0E-5% of global Internet users visit Jpi.or.kr

How many people visit Jpi.or.kr each day?

• Jpi.or.kr receives approximately 1K visitors and 976 page impressions per day.

How much Jpi.or.kr can earn?

• Jpi.or.kr should earn about $3.98/day from advertising revenue.

What is Jpi.or.kr estimated value?

• Estimated value of Jpi.or.kr is $4,114.35.

What IP addresses does Jpi.or.kr resolve to?

• Jpi.or.kr resolves to the IP addresses 211.47.74.25.

Where are Jpi.or.kr servers located in?

• Jpi.or.kr has servers located in South Korea.

jpi.or.kr Profile

Title:가비아 호스팅 서비스:웹호스팅,웹메일호스팅,쇼핑몰호스팅,단독서버,동영상호스팅
Edit Site Info

What technologies does jpi.or.kr use?

These are the technologies used at jpi.or.kr. jpi.or.kr has a total of 10 technologies installed in 10 different categories.
Web Servers
Apache Apache
Font Scripts
Google Font API Google Font API
JavaScript Libraries
jQuery jQuery
jQuery Migrate jQuery Migrate
Underscore.js Underscore.js
Widgets
OWL Carousel OWL Carousel
CMS
WordPress WordPress
Blogs
WordPress WordPress
Page builders
wpBakery wpBakery
WordPress plugins
wpBakery wpBakery
Programming Languages
PHP PHP
Databases
MySQL MySQL

jpi.or.kr Traffic Analysis

Jpi.or.kr is ranked #3,368,689 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 1K visitors daily, generating a total of 1K pageviews. This equates to about 29.6K monthly visitors. Jpi.or.kr traffic has increased by 503.51% compared to last month.
Daily Visitors1K
503.51%
Monthly Visits29.6K
503.51%
Pages per Visit1.00
Visit duration n/a
Bounce Rate100.00%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
Daily Unique Visitors:
976
Monthly Visits:
29,573
Pages per Visit:
1.00
Daily Pageviews:
976
Avg. visit duration:
n/a
Bounce rate:
100.00%
Global Reach:
2.0E-5%
Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
29,584
Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
29,584
HypeRank:
3,368,689
SEMrush Rank:
8,538,312
*All traffic values are estimates only.

Traffic sources

Direct:
40.32%
Referral:
0%
Search:
59.68%
Social:
0%
Paid:
0%

Desktop vs Mobile

Desktop:
1.15%
Mobile:
98.85%
Last update was 855 days ago
     
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...

*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with jpi.or.kr in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.

  ▼

SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.
SemRushSemRush
Domain:
  jpi.or.kr
Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic)
  8,538,312
Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP)
  152
Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results)
  6
Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords)
  $2.00
Full SEMrush Report >>

Revenue report ▼

Google.com would generate approximately $4 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $119.4 and annual gross revenue of approximately $1.5K. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $4.1K.

How much would jpi.or.kr make?

Daily Revenue:
$3.98
Monthly Revenue:
$119.40
Yearly Revenue:
$1,452.70
*All earnings values are estimates only.

How much is jpi.or.kr worth?

Website Value:
$4.1K

Ad Experience Report ▼

Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.

Mobile summary

Root domain:
jpi.or.kr
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Desktop summary

Root domain:
jpi.or.kr
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Abusive Experience Report ▼

Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.
Root domain:
jpi.or.kr
Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.)
Not reviewed

Where is jpi.or.kr hosted? ▼

Jpi.or.kr may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.
Server IP:
211.47.74.25
ASN:
AS3786 
ISP:
LG DACOM Corporation 
Server Location:

South Korea, KR
 

Other sites hosted on 211.47.74.25

How fast does jpi.or.kr load? ▼

The average loading time of jpi.or.kr is n/a ms. The Desktop speed index is 99 and mobile speed index is 98.
Average Load Time:
n/a ms

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop

99
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a FAST speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)463ms 84% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 84% 8% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 8% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 6%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)857ms 89% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 89% 6% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 6% 3% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 3%
First Input Delay (FID)1ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)987ms 92% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 92% 5% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 5% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 2%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an FAST speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)191ms 92% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 92% 4% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 4% 3% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 3%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)606ms 94% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 94% 3% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 3% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 1%
First Input Delay (FID)1ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)705ms 95% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 95% 2% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 2% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 1%

Lab Data

Speed Index 1.2 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Minimize third-party usage  
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Avoids `unload` event listeners  
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 0.7 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 20 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Does not have a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`  
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 0.5 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Time to Interactive 0.5 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 0.5 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile

98
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)1.3s 84% of loads for this page have a fast (<800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 62% 20% of loads for this page have an average (800s ~ 1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 20% 17% of loads for this page have a slow (>1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 17%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.8s 89% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 74% 14% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 14% 10% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 10%
First Input Delay (FID)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.8s 92% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 84% 11% of loads for this page have an average (2500s ~ 4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 11% 4% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 4%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)708ms 77% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 77% 12% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 12% 10% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 10%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.2s 84% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 84% 9% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 9% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 6%
First Input Delay (FID)254ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 17% 76% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 76% 5% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 5%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.4s 88% of loads for this page have a fast (<2.5s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 88% 7% of loads for this page have an average (2.5s ~ 4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 7% 4% of loads for this page have a slow (>4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 4%

Lab Data

Largest Contentful Paint 1.8 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 1.6 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First Contentful Paint (3G) 3090 ms
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 1.6 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 20 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Minimize third-party usage  
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Avoids `unload` event listeners  
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Time to Interactive 1.6 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded  
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Does not have a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`  
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
Speed Index 3.8 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more

Does jpi.or.kr use compression? ▼

Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on jpi.or.kr are reduced by %.
jpi.or.kr does not use compression.
Original size: 5.91 KB
Compressed size: n/a
File reduced by: (%)

Google Safe Browsing ▼

Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious

MyWot.com Reputation Ratings

MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites. jpi.or.kr has 79 Safety Reputations.
Status:
  UNKNOWN
Safety Reputations:
  79
Safety Confidence:
  9

SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify ▼

An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. jpi.or.kr supports HTTPS.
 jpi.or.kr supports HTTPS
     
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: *.gabia.io
Organization: "Gabia,Inc."
Location: Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, KR
Issuer: GlobalSign RSA OV SSL CA 2018
Valid from: Jul 11 02:36:06 2022 GMT
Valid until: Aug 12 02:36:05 2023 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Common Name: GlobalSign RSA OV SSL CA 2018
Organization: GlobalSign nv-sa
Location: BE
Issuer: GlobalSign
Valid from: Nov 21 00:00:00 2018 GMT
Valid until: Nov 21 00:00:00 2028 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Common Name: GlobalSign
Organization: GlobalSign
Location:
Issuer: GlobalSign Root CA
Valid from: Sep 19 00:00:00 2018 GMT
Valid until: Jan 28 12:00:00 2028 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits

Verify HTTP/2 Support ▼

HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency.
 jpi.or.kr does not support HTTP/2
     
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...

Http Header ▼

HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server. 
date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 03:51:03 GMT
server: Apache
location: http://errdoc.gabia.io/403.html
content-length: 215
content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 03:51:05 GMT
Server: Apache
Last-Modified: Tue, 22 Mar 2022 04:46:51 GMT
ETag: "17a0-5dac74d27765b"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 6048
Content-Type: text/html
Set-Cookie: 1:1754_0=1:1754_0_to_9b:23eb; path=/

DNS Lookup ▼

DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.
Type Ip Target/Txt TTL
MX spam.jpi.or.kr 600
TXT google-site-verification=i1leINLzXm7HKC8lF16q9KPrxbD49S9tEsddnhAQODo 600
TXT v=spf1 58.224.116.40 ~all 600
TXT google-site-verification=C_SYWlQoVBPNujOXDT4dNkjo4FGnEm8ppNTvVODrE-Y 600
SOA 3600
Mname ns.gabia.co.kr
Rname hosting.gabia.com
Serial Number 2021020319
Refresh 1800
Retry 600
Expire 1209600
Minimum TTL 86400
A 211.47.74.25 528
NS ns1.gabia.co.kr 3528
NS ns.gabia.net 3528
NS ns.gabia.co.kr 3528

Whois Lookup ▼

Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on June 1, 2006 and will expire on June 1, 2027 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar Whois Corp.(http://whois.co.kr). The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on August 31, 2019.
Domain Created:
2006-06-01
Domain Expires:
2027-06-01
Domain Updated:
2019-08-31
Domain Age:
18 years 9 months 16 days
Domain Registrar:
Whois Corp.(http://whois.co.kr)
Domain Owner:
International Peace Foundation
WhoIs:
 

query : jpi.or.kr


# KOREAN(UTF8)

도메인이름                  : jpi.or.kr
등록인                      : (재)국제평화재단
등록인 주소                 : 제주특별자치도 서귀포시 중문관광로 227-24 국제평화재단 제주평화연구원  (중문동)
등록인 우편번호             : 63546
책임자                      : 고정선
책임자 전자우편             : email
책임자 전화번호             : 064-735-6500
등록일                      : 2006. 06. 01.
최근 정보 변경일            : 2019. 08. 31.
사용 종료일                 : 2027. 06. 01.
정보공개여부                : Y
등록대행자                  : (주)후이즈(http://whois.co.kr)
DNSSEC                      : 미서명

1차 네임서버 정보
   호스트이름               : ns.gabia.co.kr
   IP 주소                  : 211.234.118.50

2차 네임서버 정보
   호스트이름               : ns1.gabia.co.kr
   IP 주소                  : 121.78.117.39
   호스트이름               : ns.gabia.net

네임서버 이름이 .kr이 아닌 경우는 IP주소가 보이지 않습니다.


# ENGLISH

Domain Name                 : jpi.or.kr
Registrant                  : International Peace Foundation
Registrant Address          : 227-24, Jungmungwangwang-ro  Seogwipo-si Jeju-do
Registrant Zip Code         : 63546
Administrative Contact(AC)  : Ko jungsun
AC E-Mail                   : email
AC Phone Number             : 064-735-6500
Registered Date             : 2006. 06. 01.
Last Updated Date           : 2019. 08. 31.
Expiration Date             : 2027. 06. 01.
Publishes                   : Y
Authorized Agency           : Whois Corp.(http://whois.co.kr)
DNSSEC                      : unsigned

Primary Name Server
   Host Name                : ns.gabia.co.kr
   IP Address               : 211.234.118.50

Secondary Name Server
   Host Name                : ns1.gabia.co.kr
   IP Address               : 121.78.117.39
   Host Name                : ns.gabia.net


- KISA/KRNIC WHOIS Service -