thesephist.com Thesephist.com

   
Thesephist.com

Domain Summary

What is the traffic rank for Thesephist.com?

• Thesephist.com ranks #2,383,429 globally on HypeStat.

What percent of global Internet users visit Thesephist.com?

• 2.46E-5% of global Internet users visit Thesephist.com

How many people visit Thesephist.com each day?

• Thesephist.com receives approximately 1.2K visitors and 2,922 page impressions per day.

Which countries does Thesephist.com receive most of its visitors from?

• Thesephist.com is mostly visited by people located in United States,India,Canada.

How much Thesephist.com can earn?

• Thesephist.com should earn about $10.54/day from advertising revenue.

What is Thesephist.com estimated value?

• Estimated value of Thesephist.com is $10,371.52.

What IP addresses does Thesephist.com resolve to?

• Thesephist.com resolves to the IP addresses 159.89.129.78.

Where are Thesephist.com servers located in?

• Thesephist.com has servers located in Santa Clara, California, 95051, United States.

thesephist.com Profile

Title:thesephist.com
Category:Computers Electronics and Technology / Graphics Multimedia and Web Design
About: Thesephist.com is the personal website of Linus Lee, a developer and writer. The site serves as a portfolio showcasing various projects and writings. It features a clean, minimalist design emphasizing readability and navigability. Visitors can explore a range of topics, including technology, programming, design, and personal essays. The projects highlighted on the site often reflect a blend of creativity and technical skill, demonstrating Linus Lee's diverse interests and expertise. The writing style is engaging and thoughtful, often delving into deeper reflections on technology and its impact on society.
*This text is generated by artificial intelligence and may not be accurate. Edit Site Info

What technologies does thesephist.com use?

These are the technologies used at thesephist.com. thesephist.com has a total of 3 technologies installed in 4 different categories.
Static Site Generator
Hugo Hugo
Web Servers
Nginx Nginx
Reverse proxies
Nginx Nginx
Operating Systems
Ubuntu Ubuntu

thesephist.com Traffic Analysis

Thesephist.com is ranked #2,383,429 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 1.2K visitors daily, generating a total of 2.9K pageviews. This equates to about 36.7K monthly visitors. Thesephist.com traffic has increased by 83.86% compared to last month.
Daily Visitors1.2K
119.5%
Monthly Visits36.7K
83.86%
Pages per Visit2.41
51.16%
Visit duration01:45
64.42%
Bounce Rate50.85%
14.87%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
Daily Unique Visitors:
1,212
Monthly Visits:
36,724
Pages per Visit:
2.41
Daily Pageviews:
2,922
Avg. visit duration:
01:45
Bounce rate:
50.85%
Global Reach:
2.46E-5%
Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
7,167
Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
5,742
Monthly Visits (SimilarWeb):
36,009
HypeRank:
2,383,429
SEMrush Rank:
2,041,112
SimilarWeb Rank:
1,156,613
*All traffic values are estimates only.

Traffic sources

Direct:
36.98%
Referral:
16.06%
Search:
5.85%
Social:
41.11%
Paid:
0%

Desktop vs Mobile

Desktop:
100.00%
Mobile:
0%

Total Visits Last 3 Months

20.8K
APR
20K
MAY
36.7K
JUN

Visitors by country

Country
Users%
 
United States 24.85%
 
India 17.21%
 
Canada 15.44%
 
United Kingdom 8.81%
 
Germany 7.57%

Which sites are competitors to thesephist.com?

Websites similar to thesephist.com are sites similar on user interests and browsing behavior. Users can discover new websites that are similar to the ones they already enjoy or find useful.
Last update was 261 days ago
     
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...

*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with thesephist.com in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.

Search Engine Indexes ▼

Search engine indexes are huge databases or collections of net pages that search engines like google like google and yahoo use to retrieve applicable facts while customers carry out searches. These indexes are created through search engines like google and yahoo through crawling and indexing net pages from throughout the internet.
Bing Index:
486

  ▼

SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.
SemRushSemRush
Domain:
  thesephist.com
Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic)
  2,041,112
Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP)
  521
Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results)
  289
Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords)
  $78.00
Full SEMrush Report >>

Revenue report ▼

Google.com would generate approximately $10.5 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $316.2 and annual gross revenue of approximately $3.8K. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $10.4K.

How much would thesephist.com make?

Daily Revenue:
$10.54
Monthly Revenue:
$316.20
Yearly Revenue:
$3,847.10
*All earnings values are estimates only.

Daily earning by country

 
CountryPageviewsEarning
 
United States 726$3.51
 
Canada 451$2.73
 
United Kingdom 257$0.69
 
Germany 221$0.31
 
India 503$0.19

Loss of money due to Adblock?

Daily Revenue Loss:
$1.57
Monthly Revenue Loss:
$46.99
Yearly Revenue Loss:
$571.69
Daily Pageviews Blocked:
490
Monthly Pageviews Blocked:
14,689
Yearly Pageviews Blocked:
178,713

Daily revenue loss by country

 
CountryBlockedLost Money
 
Canada 113$0.68
 
United States 131$0.63
 
United Kingdom 41$0.11
 
Germany 64$0.09
 
India 141$0.05

How much is thesephist.com worth?

Website Value:
$10.4K

Ad Experience Report ▼

Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.

Mobile summary

Root domain:
thesephist.com
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Desktop summary

Root domain:
thesephist.com
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Abusive Experience Report ▼

Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.
Root domain:
thesephist.com
Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.)
Not reviewed

Where is thesephist.com hosted? ▼

Thesephist.com may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.
Server IP:
159.89.129.78
ASN:
AS14061 
ISP:
DigitalOcean, LLC 
Server Location:
Santa Clara
California, CA
95051
United States, US
 

Other sites hosted on 159.89.129.78

There are no other sites hosted on this IP

How fast does thesephist.com load? ▼

The average loading time of thesephist.com is 217 ms. The Desktop speed index is 95 and mobile speed index is 80.
Average Load Time:
217 ms

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop

95
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a FAST speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)10ms 70% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 70% 18% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 18% 11% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 11%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)817ms 93% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 93% 6% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 6% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 0%
First Input Delay (FID)4ms 100% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 100% 0% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)24ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<200ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (200ms ~ 500ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>500ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)820ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 96% 2% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 2% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 0%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an FAST speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)10ms 73% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 73% 15% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 15% 11% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 11%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)502ms 88% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 88% 10% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 10% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 0%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)822ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 96% 2% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 2% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 0%
First Input Delay (FID)4ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)29ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<200ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (200ms ~ 500ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>500ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)832ms 98% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 98% 1% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 1% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 0%

Lab Data

First Meaningful Paint 0.7 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more about the First Meaningful Paint metric
Speed Index 0.8 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more about the Speed Index metric
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn how to defer third-parties with a facade
Largest Contentful Paint 0.7 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more about the Largest Contentful Paint metric
Time to Interactive 0.7 s
Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more about the Total Blocking Time metric
First Contentful Paint 0.7 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more about the First Contentful Paint metric
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded  
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more about optimal lazy loading
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image  
If the LCP element is dynamically added to the page, you should preload the image in order to improve LCP. Learn more about preloading LCP elements

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile

80
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 70% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)862ms 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 72% 25% of loads for this page have an average (800s ~ 1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 25% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 2%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.3s 93% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 90% 7% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 7% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 1%
First Input Delay (FID)16ms 93% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 93% 6% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 6% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)64ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<200s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 97% 1% of loads for this page have an average (200s ~ 500s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 1% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>500s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.3s 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 96% 2% of loads for this page have an average (2500s ~ 4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 2% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 0%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)0ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 99% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 0%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)862ms 72% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 72% 25% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 25% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 2%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.3s 90% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 90% 7% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 7% 1% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 1%
First Input Delay (FID)16ms 99% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 93% 6% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 6% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 0%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)64ms 97% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.2s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 97% 1% of loads for this page have an average (0.2s ~ 0.5s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 1% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.5s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)1.3s 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<2.5s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 96% 2% of loads for this page have an average (2.5s ~ 4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 2% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 0%

Lab Data

Time to Interactive 2.6 s
Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more about the Total Blocking Time metric
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn how to defer third-parties with a facade
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image  
If the LCP element is dynamically added to the page, you should preload the image in order to improve LCP. Learn more about preloading LCP elements
First Meaningful Paint 2.6 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more about the First Meaningful Paint metric
First Contentful Paint 2.6 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more about the First Contentful Paint metric
Speed Index 2.6 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more about the Speed Index metric
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded  
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more about optimal lazy loading
Largest Contentful Paint 2.6 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more about the Largest Contentful Paint metric

Does thesephist.com use compression? ▼

Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on thesephist.com are reduced by 61%.
thesephist.com use gzip compression.
Original size: 7.58 KB
Compressed size: 2.94 KB
File reduced by: 4.64 KB (61%)

Google Safe Browsing ▼

Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious

MyWot.com Reputation Ratings

MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites.
Status:
  SAFE

SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify ▼

An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. thesephist.com supports HTTPS.
 thesephist.com supports HTTPS
     
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: thesephist.com
Organization:
Location:
Issuer: R10
Valid from: Aug 9 03:00:45 2024 GMT
Valid until: Nov 7 03:00:44 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Common Name: R10
Organization: Let's Encrypt
Location: US
Issuer: ISRG Root X1
Valid from: Mar 13 00:00:00 2024 GMT
Valid until: Mar 12 23:59:59 2027 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits

Verify HTTP/2 Support ▼

HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency.
 thesephist.com does not support HTTP/2
     
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...

Http Header ▼

HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server. 
Server: nginx/1.14.0 (Ubuntu)
Date: Fri, 27 Sep 2024 21:03:01 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Last-Modified: Wed, 11 Sep 2024 15:55:03 GMT
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: W/"66e1bd57-1e4f"
Content-Encoding: gzip

DNS Lookup ▼

DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.
Type Ip Target/Txt TTL
A 159.89.129.78 297
NS bayan.ns.cloudflare.com 172797
NS fiona.ns.cloudflare.com 172797
HINFO 3600

Whois Lookup ▼

Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on July 4, 2016 and will expire on July 4, 2029 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar Squarespace Domains II LLC. The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on June 17, 2024.
Domain Created:
2016-07-04
Domain Expires:
2029-07-04
Domain Updated:
2024-06-17
Domain Age:
8 years 11 months 12 days
Domain Registrar:
Squarespace Domains II LLC
Domain Owner:
REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
WhoIs:
 

Domain Name: thesephist.com
Registry Domain ID: 2040038597_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.squarespace.domains
Registrar URL: https://domains2.squarespace.com
Registrar: Squarespace Domains II LLC
Registrar IANA ID: 895
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: email
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.646-693-5324
Reseller:
Updated Date: 2024-06-17T23:49:43.590996Z
Creation Date: 2016-07-04T23:10:34Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2029-07-04T23:10:34Z
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Registry Registrant ID:
Registrant Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Organization:
Registrant Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant State/Province: IN
Registrant Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Country: US
Registrant Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Fax Ext:
Registrant Email: https://domains.squarespace.com/whois-contact-form
Registry Admin ID:
Admin Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Organization:
Admin Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin State/Province: IN
Admin Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Country: US
Admin Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Fax Ext:
Admin Email: https://domains.squarespace.com/whois-contact-form
Registry Tech ID:
Tech Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Organization:
Tech Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech State/Province: IN
Tech Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Country: US
Tech Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Fax Ext:
Tech Email: https://domains.squarespace.com/whois-contact-form
Name Server: fiona.ns.cloudflare.com
Name Server: bayan.ns.cloudflare.com
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/
****** Last update of WHOIS database: 2024-06-17T23:49:43.590996Z