morningscoop.org Morningscoop.org

   
Home - Morning Scoop

Domain Summary

What is the traffic rank for Morningscoop.org?

• Morningscoop.org ranks #5,046,615 globally on HypeStat.

How many people visit Morningscoop.org each day?

• Morningscoop.org receives approximately 207 visitors and 241 page impressions per day.

How much Morningscoop.org can earn?

• Morningscoop.org should earn about $0.98/day from advertising revenue.

What is Morningscoop.org estimated value?

• Estimated value of Morningscoop.org is $843.48.

What IP addresses does Morningscoop.org resolve to?

• Morningscoop.org resolves to the IP addresses 104.21.79.241.

morningscoop.org Profile

Title:Home - Morning Scoop

What technologies does morningscoop.org use?

These are the technologies used at morningscoop.org. morningscoop.org has a total of 15 technologies installed in 13 different categories.

morningscoop.org Traffic Analysis

Morningscoop.org is ranked #5,046,615 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 207 visitors daily, generating a total of 241 pageviews. This equates to about 6.3K monthly visitors. Morningscoop.org traffic has decreased by 82.15% compared to last month.
Daily Visitors207
50.7%
Monthly Visits6.3K
82.15%
Pages per Visit1.17
13%
Visit duration00:21
76.14%
Bounce Rate83.33%
15.08%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
Daily Unique Visitors:
207
Monthly Visits:
6,272
Pages per Visit:
1.17
Daily Pageviews:
241
Avg. visit duration:
00:21
Bounce rate:
83.33%
Global Reach:
 n/a
Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
6,076
Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
4,051
HypeRank:
5,046,615
SEMrush Rank:
33,054,052
*All traffic values are estimates only.

Traffic sources

Direct:
100.00%
Referral:
0%
Search:
0%
Social:
0%
Paid:
0%

Desktop vs Mobile

Desktop:
100.00%
Mobile:
0%
Last update was 705 days ago
     
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...

*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with morningscoop.org in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.

 

SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.
SemRushSemRush
Domain:
  morningscoop.org
Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic)
  33,054,052
Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP)
  2
Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results)
  0
Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords)
  $0.00

Revenue report

Google.com would generate approximately $1 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $29.4 and annual gross revenue of approximately $357.7. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $843.5.

How much would morningscoop.org make?

Daily Revenue:
$0.98
Monthly Revenue:
$29.40
Yearly Revenue:
$357.70
*All earnings values are estimates only.

How much is morningscoop.org worth?

Website Value:
$843.5

Ad Experience Report

Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.

Mobile summary

Root domain:
morningscoop.org
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Desktop summary

Root domain:
morningscoop.org
Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.)
Not reviewed

Abusive Experience Report

Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.
Root domain:
morningscoop.org
Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.)
Off
Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.)
Not reviewed

Where is morningscoop.org hosted?

Morningscoop.org may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.
Server IP:
104.21.79.241
ASN:
AS13335 
ISP:
Cloudflare Inc 
Server Location:


 

Other sites hosted on 104.21.79.241

How fast does morningscoop.org load?

The average loading time of morningscoop.org is n/a ms. The Desktop speed index is 76 and mobile speed index is 13.
Average Load Time:
n/a ms

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop

76
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)62ms 31% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 31% 4% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 4% 64% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 64%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)1.1s 53% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 53% 39% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 39% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 6%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.9s 73% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 73% 18% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 18% 7% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 7%
First Input Delay (FID)3ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 96% 1% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 1% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 2%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.8s 72% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 72% 17% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 17% 10% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 10%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an SLOW speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)62ms 31% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 31% 4% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 4% 64% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 64%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)1.1s 53% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 53% 39% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 39% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 6%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.9s 73% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 73% 18% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 18% 7% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 7%
First Input Delay (FID)3ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 96% 1% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 1% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 2%
Interaction To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0ms ~ 0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0ms) Interaction To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.8s 72% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 72% 17% of loads for this page have an average (2500ms ~ 4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 17% 10% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000ms) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 10%

Lab Data

Largest Contentful Paint 2.7 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 0.8 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 1.0 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`  
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Avoids `unload` event listeners  
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Time to Interactive 3.2 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 270 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 160 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Speed Index 1.7 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more

Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile

13
0-49 50-89 90-100 i

Field Data

Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)17ms 31% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 57% 29% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 29% 12% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 12%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)1.1s 53% of loads for this page have a fast (<800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 59% 35% of loads for this page have an average (800s ~ 1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 35% 4% of loads for this page have a slow (>1800s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 4%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.5s 73% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 86% 10% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 10% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 2%
First Input Delay (FID)18ms 87% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 87% 5% of loads for this page have an average (100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 5% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 6%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.6s 72% of loads for this page have a fast (<2500s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 74% 16% of loads for this page have an average (2500s ~ 4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 16% 8% of loads for this page have a slow (>4000s) Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 8%

Origin Data

All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)17ms 57% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.01s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 57% 29% of loads for this page have an average (0.01s ~ 0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 29% 12% of loads for this page have a slow (>0.025s) Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) 12%
Time To First Byte (TTFB)1.1s 59% of loads for this page have a fast (<0.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 59% 35% of loads for this page have an average (0.8s ~ 1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 35% 4% of loads for this page have a slow (>1.8s) Time To First Byte (TTFB) 4%
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.5s 86% of loads for this page have a fast (<1.8s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 86% 10% of loads for this page have an average (1.8s ~ 3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 10% 2% of loads for this page have a slow (>3s) First Contentful Paint (FCP) 2%
First Input Delay (FID)18ms 96% of loads for this page have a fast (<100ms) First Input Delay (FID) 87% 5% of loads for this page have an average 100ms ~ 300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 5% 6% of loads for this page have a slow (>300ms) First Input Delay (FID) 6%
Interactive To Next Paint (INP)0 0% of loads for this page have a fast (<0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have an average (0s ~ 0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0% 0% of loads for this page have a slow (>0s) Interactive To Next Paint (INP) 0%
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)2.6s 74% of loads for this page have a fast (<2.5s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 74% 16% of loads for this page have an average (2.5s ~ 4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 16% 8% of loads for this page have a slow (>4s)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) 8%

Lab Data

Speed Index 7.6 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`  
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 12.1 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 950 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 5.2 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades  
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Performance budget  
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 2.8 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Avoids `unload` event listeners  
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
First Contentful Paint (3G) 5601 ms
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 1,800 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Time to Interactive 13.9 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Timing budget  
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more

Does morningscoop.org use compression?

Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on morningscoop.org are reduced by 84%.
morningscoop.org use br compression.
Original size: 207.83 KB
Compressed size: 32.28 KB
File reduced by: 175.54 KB (84%)

Google Safe Browsing

Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious

MyWot.com Reputation Ratings

MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites. morningscoop.org has 60 Safety Reputations.
Status:
  UNKNOWN
Safety Reputations:
  60
Safety Confidence:
  2

SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify

An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. morningscoop.org supports HTTPS.
 morningscoop.org supports HTTPS
     
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: *.morningscoop.org
Organization:
Location:
Issuer: E1
Valid from: Nov 22 14:43:11 2022 GMT
Valid until: Feb 20 14:43:10 2023 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize:
Common Name: E1
Organization: Let's Encrypt
Location: US
Issuer: ISRG Root X2
Valid from: Sep 4 00:00:00 2020 GMT
Valid until: Sep 15 16:00:00 2025 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:
Common Name: ISRG Root X2
Organization: Internet Security Research Group
Location: US
Issuer: ISRG Root X1
Valid from: Sep 4 00:00:00 2020 GMT
Valid until: Sep 15 16:00:00 2025 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize:
Common Name: ISRG Root X1
Organization: Internet Security Research Group
Location: US
Issuer: DST Root CA X3
Valid from: Jan 20 19:14:03 2021 GMT
Valid until: Sep 30 18:14:03 2024 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 4096 Bits

Verify HTTP/2 Support

HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency.
 morningscoop.org supports HTTP/2
     
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...

Http Header

HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server.
date: Sat, 07 Jan 2023 01:37:03 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent
last-modified: Sat, 07 Jan 2023 00:45:07 GMT
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https://a.nel.cloudflare.com/report/v3?s=jGmchcexAJgC60JpONMakHd1lDiU1TfTID%2FtyjkUCXVM0%2B9bq69ace6l7rSe3bsiJjpAC1dAvXFqx7hT4bIuMv35oddWhmiFv8G%2Fc3TIaocHYJUNKMZlEVqtfl86GmszJtlP"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server: cloudflare
cf-ray: 7858f74a3b8586f6-ORD
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400

DNS Lookup

DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.
Type Ip Target/Txt TTL
HINFO 3600
A 172.67.172.5 240
A 104.21.79.241 240
NS kenneth.ns.cloudflare.com 3540
NS dayana.ns.cloudflare.com 3540

Whois Lookup

Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on August 21, 2019 and will expire on August 21, 2023 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar GoDaddy.com, LLC. The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on October 29, 2022.
Domain Created:
2019-08-21
Domain Expires:
2023-08-21
Domain Updated:
2022-10-29
Domain Age:
5 years 3 months 22 days
Domain Registrar:
GoDaddy.com, LLC
Domain Owner:
Domains By Proxy, LLC
WhoIs:
 

Domain Name: morningscoop.org
Registry Domain ID: bdc525a047774cebb764e96e7feeccc4-LROR
Registrar WHOIS Server: http://whois.godaddy.com
Registrar URL: http://www.whois.godaddy.com
Updated Date: 2022-10-29T15:33:08Z
Creation Date: 2019-08-21T18:16:11Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2023-08-21T18:16:11Z
Registrar: GoDaddy.com, LLC
Registrar IANA ID: 146
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: email
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.4806242505
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientRenewProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientRenewProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited
Registry Registrant ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Organization: Domains By Proxy, LLC
Registrant Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant State/Province: Arizona
Registrant Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Country: US
Registrant Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name.
Registry Admin ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name.
Registry Tech ID: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Fax: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Fax Ext: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Email: Please query the RDDS service of the Registrar of Record identified in this output for information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name.
Name Server: dayana.ns.cloudflare.com
Name Server: kenneth.ns.cloudflare.com
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2023-01-07T01:38:01Z