Textmagic.com
TextMagic: Text Message Marketing Software Since 2001Domain Summary
What is the traffic rank for Textmagic.com?
• Textmagic.com ranks #211,260 globally on HypeStat.
What percent of global Internet users visit Textmagic.com?
• 0.0027% of global Internet users visit Textmagic.com
How many people visit Textmagic.com each day?
• Textmagic.com receives approximately 26.2K visitors and 82,161 page impressions per day.
Which countries does Textmagic.com receive most of its visitors from?
• Textmagic.com is mostly visited by people located in United States,United Kingdom,Australia.
How much Textmagic.com can earn?
• Textmagic.com should earn about $329.67/day from advertising revenue.
What is Textmagic.com estimated value?
• Estimated value of Textmagic.com is $368,927.22.
What IP addresses does Textmagic.com resolve to?
• Textmagic.com resolves to the IP addresses 2606:4700:10::6814:dd24, 104.20.221.36.
Where are Textmagic.com servers located in?
• Textmagic.com has servers located in Amsterdam, 07, United States.
textmagic.com Profile
Title:TextMagic: Text Message Marketing Software Since 2001
Description:Software for sending bulk SMS notifications to customers, staff and suppliers. Includes download, account management and help.
Try the text marketing software trusted by over 100,000 users. Sign-up for a free trial and start transforming customer experiences with SMS marketing! Tags: Category:Computers Electronics and Technology / Telecommunications
Try the text marketing software trusted by over 100,000 users. Sign-up for a free trial and start transforming customer experiences with SMS marketing! Tags: Category:Computers Electronics and Technology / Telecommunications
About:
The leading online text messaging company, h le free text from computer, email and online SMS text messages and SMS API services. Signup now & get 20 bonus SMS credits on your first order.
Edit Site Info
What technologies does textmagic.com use?
These are the technologies used at textmagic.com. textmagic.com has a total of 17 technologies installed in 17 different categories.textmagic.com Traffic Analysis
Textmagic.com is ranked #211,260 in the world. This website is viewed by an estimated 26.2K visitors daily, generating a total of 82.2K pageviews. This equates to about 792.6K monthly visitors. Textmagic.com traffic has increased by 27.94% compared to last month.Daily Visitors26.2K
63.83%
Monthly Visits792.6K
27.94%
Pages per Visit3.14
37.31%
Visit duration04:49
18.96%
Bounce Rate54.23%
1.41%
Is this your site?Verify your site's metrics.
- Daily Unique Visitors:
- 26,157
- Monthly Visits:
- 792,557
- Pages per Visit:
- 3.14
- Daily Pageviews:
- 82,161
- Avg. visit duration:
- 04:49
- Bounce rate:
- 54.23%
- Global Reach:
- 0.0027%
- Monthly Visits (SEMrush):
- 1,403,772
- Monthly Unique Visitors (SEMrush):
- 803,409
- Monthly Visits (SimilarWeb):
- 800,723
- HypeRank:
- 211,260
- SEMrush Rank:
- 27,836
- SimilarWeb Rank:
- 75,822
Traffic sources
- Direct:
- 70.43%
- Referral:
- 5.98%
- Search:
- 22.51%
- Social:
- 0.10%
- Paid:
- 0.99%
Desktop vs Mobile
- Desktop:
- 71.17%
- Mobile:
- 28.83%
Total Visits Last 3 Months
799.4K
JUL
619.5K
AUG
792.6K
SEP
Visitors by country
- Country
- Users%
- United States 49.30%
- United Kingdom 7.79%
- Australia 6.17%
- India 5.12%
- Philippines 4.75%
Where do visitors go on textmagic.com?
- Reach%Pageviews%PerUser
- my.textmagic.com
- 52.86%68.95%3.2
- freetools.textmagic.com
- 32.37%13.40%1.0
- textmagic.com
- 30.93%16.52%1.3
- support.textmagic.com
- 1.97%0.80%1
- OTHER
- 0%0.34%0
Backlinks Report ▼
Textmagic.com has a total of 3,429 backlinks from 591 referring domains and most of them comes from United States.- Total Backlinks:
- 3,429
- Follow Links:
- n/a
- Nofollow Links:
- n/a
- Referring Domains:
- 591
- Referring IPs:
- 561
- Authority Domain Score:
- 56
Backlinks by country
- Country
- Domains
- United States 266
- Singapore 141
- France 31
- Netherlands 15
- Germany 14
Backlinks by TLDs
- TLD Distribution
- Domains
- .com
- 293
- .pw
- 77
- .in
- 36
- .edu
- 0
- .gov
- 0
Last update was 529 days ago
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...
This can take up to 60 seconds. Please wait...
*HypeStat.com is not promoting or affiliated with textmagic.com in any way. Only publicly available statistics data are displayed.
Search Engine Indexes ▼
Search engine indexes are huge databases or collections of net pages that search engines like google like google and yahoo use to retrieve applicable facts while customers carry out searches. These indexes are created through search engines like google and yahoo through crawling and indexing net pages from throughout the internet.- Baidu Index:
- 410
▼
SEMrush is a complete on line advertising and marketing platform that gives a extensive variety of gear and functions to help companies and entrepreneurs in enhancing their on line visibility and optimizing their virtual advertising and marketing strategies.- Domain:
- textmagic.com
- Rank:
(Rank based on keywords, cost and organic traffic) - 27,836
- Organic Keywords:
(Number of keywords in top 20 Google SERP) - 36,434
- Organic Traffic:
(Number of visitors coming from top 20 search results) - 90,183
- Organic Cost:
((How much need to spend if get same number of visitors from Google Adwords) - $196,517.00
Revenue report ▼
Google.com would generate approximately $329.7 per day if the source of income were advertisements, which equates to an estimated monthly revenue of $9.9K and annual gross revenue of approximately $120.3K. Based on these figures, the site's net worth is estimated at around $368.9K.How much would textmagic.com make?
- Daily Revenue:
- $329.67
- Monthly Revenue:
- $9,890.10
- Yearly Revenue:
- $120,329.55
Daily earning by country
- CountryPageviewsEarning
- United States 40,506$195.64
- Australia 5,066$24.42
- United Kingdom 6,404$17.16
- India 4,206$1.60
- Philippines 3,905$0.78
Loss of money due to Adblock?
- Daily Revenue Loss:
- $43.35
- Monthly Revenue Loss:
- $1,300.44
- Yearly Revenue Loss:
- $15,822.07
- Daily Pageviews Blocked:
- 10,780
- Monthly Pageviews Blocked:
- 323,404
- Yearly Pageviews Blocked:
- 3,934,747
Daily revenue loss by country
- CountryBlockedLost Money
- United States 7,291$35.22
- Australia 1,013$4.88
- United Kingdom 1,025$2.75
- India 1,178$0.45
- Philippines 273$0.05
How much is textmagic.com worth?
- Website Value:
- $368.9K
Ad Experience Report ▼
Summary of the ad experience rating of a website for a specific platform.Mobile summary
- Root domain:
- textmagic.com
- Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.) - Not reviewed
Desktop summary
- Root domain:
- textmagic.com
- Ad filtering:
(Chrome is not filtering ads on your site.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site that is reviewed for the Better Ads Standards.) - Not reviewed
Abusive Experience Report ▼
Summary of the abusive experience rating of a website.- Root domain:
- textmagic.com
- Enforcement:
(Chrome is not preventing your site from opening new windows or tabs.) - Off
- Status:
(The status of the site reviewed for the abusive experiences.) - Not reviewed
Where is textmagic.com hosted? ▼
Textmagic.com may be hosted in multiple data centers distributed in different locations around the world. This is probably just one of them.- Server IP:
- 2606:4700:10::6814:dd24, 104.20.221.36
- ASN:
- AS13335
- ISP:
- Cloudflare Inc
- Server Location:
- Amsterdam
07
United States, US
Other sites hosted on 104.20.221.36
How fast does textmagic.com load? ▼
The average loading time of textmagic.com is 3978 ms. The Desktop speed index is 94 and mobile speed index is 80.- Average Load Time:
- 3978 ms
Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Desktop
Field Data
Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.6s
First Input Delay (FID)12ms
Origin Data
All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.
First Contentful Paint (FCP)1.8s
First Input Delay (FID)7ms
Lab Data
Avoids `unload` event listeners
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 20 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 0.8 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Minimize third-party usage
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
Performance budget
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 1.1 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 0.8 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Timing budget
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Time to Interactive 0.8 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Speed Index 1.2 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Page Speed (Google PageSpeed Insights) - Mobile
Field Data
Over the last 30 days, the field data shows that this page has a AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report.We are showing the 90th percentile of FCP and the 95th percentile of FID.
First Contentful Paint (FCP)2.7s
First Input Delay (FID)19ms
Origin Data
All pages served from this origin have an AVERAGE speed compared to other pages in the Chrome User Experience Report. over the last 30 days.To view suggestions tailored to each page, analyze individual page URLs.
First Contentful Paint (FCP)2.8s
First Input Delay (FID)19ms
Lab Data
First Contentful Paint (3G) 5530 ms
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents . a 300 millisecond delay to user input Learn more
Minimize third-party usage
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more
First Contentful Paint 2.8 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more
Avoids `unload` event listeners
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Use `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint 3.5 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Total Blocking Time 30 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more
Max Potential First Input Delay 70 ms
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more
Time to Interactive 5.3 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more
Timing budget
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Set a timing budget to help you keep an eye on the performance of your site. Performant sites load fast and respond to user input events quickly. Learn more
Performance budget
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Keep the quantity and size of network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget. Learn more
Speed Index 4.9 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint 3.3 s
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible. Learn more
Does textmagic.com use compression? ▼
Website compression is the process of reducing the size of website files, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and image files, to improve website performance and load times. Compressing website files can significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the server to the user's browser, resulting in faster page load times and improved user experience. Files on textmagic.com are reduced by 72%.
textmagic.com use br compression.
Original size: 78.36 KB
Compressed size: 21.4 KB
File reduced by: 56.96 KB (72%)
Compressed size: 21.4 KB
File reduced by: 56.96 KB (72%)
Google Safe Browsing ▼
Google Safe Browsing is a service provided by Google that helps protect users from visiting websites that may contain malicious or harmful content, such as malware, phishing attempts, or deceptive software.
This site is not currently listed as suspicious
MyWot.com Reputation Ratings
MyWOT (short for "My Web of Trust") is a web-based reputation and rating service that provides users with information about the trustworthiness and safety of websites. textmagic.com has 64 Safety Reputations.- Status:
- SAFE
- Safety Reputations:
- 64
- Safety Confidence:
- 5
SSL Checker - SSL Certificate Verify ▼
An SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate is a digital certificate that establishes a secure encrypted connection between a web server and a user's web browser. It provides authentication and encryption, ensuring that data transmitted between the server and the browser remains private and protected. textmagic.com supports HTTPS. textmagic.com supports HTTPS
Verifying SSL Support. Please wait...
Common Name: *.textmagic.com
Organization: TextMagic Limited
Location: Cambridge, GB
Issuer: Go Daddy Secure Certificate Authority - G2
Valid from: May 30 06:43:05 2022 GMT
Valid until: Jul 1 06:43:05 2023 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Organization: TextMagic Limited
Location: Cambridge, GB
Issuer: Go Daddy Secure Certificate Authority - G2
Valid from: May 30 06:43:05 2022 GMT
Valid until: Jul 1 06:43:05 2023 GMT
Authority: CA:FALSE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Common Name: Go Daddy Secure Certificate Authority - G2
Organization: "GoDaddy.com, Inc.", OU = http://certs.godaddy.com/repository/
Location: Scottsdale, Arizona, US
Issuer: Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2
Valid from: May 3 07:00:00 2011 GMT
Valid until: May 3 07:00:00 2031 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Organization: "GoDaddy.com, Inc.", OU = http://certs.godaddy.com/repository/
Location: Scottsdale, Arizona, US
Issuer: Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2
Valid from: May 3 07:00:00 2011 GMT
Valid until: May 3 07:00:00 2031 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Common Name: Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2
Organization: "GoDaddy.com, Inc."
Location: Scottsdale, Arizona, US
Issuer:
Valid from: Jan 1 07:00:00 2014 GMT
Valid until: May 30 07:00:00 2031 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Organization: "GoDaddy.com, Inc."
Location: Scottsdale, Arizona, US
Issuer:
Valid from: Jan 1 07:00:00 2014 GMT
Valid until: May 30 07:00:00 2031 GMT
Authority: CA:TRUE
Keysize: 2048 Bits
Verify HTTP/2 Support ▼
HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2) is a major revision of the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web. It was developed as an improvement over the previous HTTP/1.1 version to enhance web performance and efficiency. textmagic.com supports HTTP/2
Verifying HTTP/2.0 Support. Please wait...
Site Categories ▼
Website categories are used to classify websites based on their content or purpose. These categories provide a way to organize and filter websites, allowing users to find relevant information or ensure compliance with specific regulations or policies.- Wireless/SMS
Http Header ▼
HTTP headers are extra portions of records despatched among a consumer (which include an internet browser) and a server at some stage in an HTTP request or response. They offer instructions, metadata, or manipulate parameters for the conversation among the consumer and server.date: Mon, 07 Nov 2022 07:46:22 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
location: https://www.textmagic.com/
cf-ray: 76647466cdcfe247-ORD
cache-control: max-age=2678400
strict-transport-security: max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains; preload
vary: Accept-Encoding
cf-cache-status: MISS
cf-apo-via: origin,resnok
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin
x-content-type-options: nosniff
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
x-redirect-by: WordPress
server: cloudflare
HTTP/2 200
date: Mon, 07 Nov 2022 07:46:22 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
cf-ray: 76647469cf64e180-ORD
age: 234741
cache-control: max-age=2678400
last-modified: Fri, 04 Nov 2022 14:33:49 GMT
link: <https://www.textmagic.com/wp-json/>; rel="https://api.w.org/", <https://www.textmagic.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/96>; rel="alternate"; type="application/json", <https://www.textmagic.com/>; rel=shortlink
strict-transport-security: max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains; preload
vary: Accept-Encoding
cf-cache-status: HIT
cf-apo-via: tcache
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin
x-content-type-options: nosniff
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
server: cloudflare
content-encoding: br
DNS Lookup ▼
DNS entries (Domain Name System) are a critical component of the Internet infrastructure. They act as directories that translate human-readable domain names (such as example.com) to machine-readable IP addresses. DNS records are stored on DNS servers and help forward internet traffic efficiently.Type | Ip | Target/Txt | TTL |
HINFO | 3600 | ||
AAAA | 2606:4700:10::ac43:1139 | 232 | |
AAAA | 2606:4700:10::6814:dc24 | 232 | |
AAAA | 2606:4700:10::6814:dd24 | 232 | |
NS | 3532 | ||
NS | 3532 |
Whois Lookup ▼
Domain WHOIS is a public database that provides information about domain names, including registered owners, contact information, domain registrars, registration and expiration dates, name servers, and other relevant information. Domain registration for this website began on November 4, 2003 and will expire on November 4, 2030 if not renewed. This website is now assigned through the registrar Ascio Technologies, Inc. The WHOIS data for this website's domain was last updated on March 25, 2021.- Domain Created:
- 2003-11-04
- Domain Expires:
- 2030-11-04
- Domain Updated:
- 2021-03-25
- Domain Age:
- 20 years 5 months 16 days
- Domain Registrar:
- Ascio Technologies, Inc
- Domain Owner:
- Not Disclosed
- WhoIs:
Domain Name: textmagic.com Registry Domain ID: 106101718_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ascio.com Registrar URL: http://www.ascio.com Updated Date: 2021-03-25T12:39:43Z Creation Date: 2003-11-04T14:16:20Z Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2030-11-04T18:16:20Z Registrar: Ascio Technologies, Inc Registrar IANA ID: 106 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +44 (20) 81583881 Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Registry Registrant ID: Not Disclosed Registrant Name: Not Disclosed Registrant Organization: Not Disclosed Registrant Street: Not Disclosed Registrant City: Not Disclosed Registrant State/Province: Registrant Postal Code: Not Disclosed Registrant Country: GB Registrant Phone: Not Disclosed Registrant Phone Ext: Not Disclosed Registrant Fax: Not Disclosed Registrant Fax Ext: Not Disclosed Registrant Email: https://whoiscontact.ascio.com?domainname=textmagic.com Registry Admin ID: Not Disclosed Admin Name: Not Disclosed Admin Organization: Not Disclosed Admin Street: Not Disclosed Admin City: Not Disclosed Admin State/Province: Not Disclosed Admin Postal Code: Not Disclosed Admin Country: Not Disclosed Admin Phone: Not Disclosed Admin Phone Ext: Not Disclosed Admin Fax: Not Disclosed Admin Fax Ext: Not Disclosed Admin Email: Not Disclosed Registry Tech ID: Not Disclosed Tech Name: Not Disclosed Tech Organization: Not Disclosed Tech Street: Not Disclosed Tech City: Not Disclosed Tech State/Province: Not Disclosed Tech Postal Code: Not Disclosed Tech Country: Not Disclosed Tech Phone: Not Disclosed Tech Phone Ext: Not Disclosed Tech Fax: Not Disclosed Tech Fax Ext: Not Disclosed Tech Email: Not Disclosed Name Server: ed.ns.cloudflare.com Name Server: jill.ns.cloudflare.com DNSSEC: unsigned URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: https://icann.org/wicf >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2022-11-07T07:47:28Z